Publications

Book Chapters

• B2. Razzaq, L. & Heffernan, N. (2010) Open content Authoring Tools. In Nkambou, Bourdeau & Mizoguchi (Eds.) Advances in Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Springer Verlag, 425-439.
• B1. Razzaq, Heffernan, Koedinger, Feng, Nuzzo-Jones, Junker, Macasek, Rasmussen, Turner & Walonoski (2007). Blending Assessment and Instructional Assistance. In Nadia Nedjah, Luiza deMacedo Mourelle, Mario Neto Borges and Nival Nunesde Almeida (Eds). Intelligent Educational Machines within the Intelligent Systems Engineering Book Series. 23-49 Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. pdf

Journal Papers

• J5 Maloy, R.W., Razzaq, L. & Edwards, S.A. (2014). Learning by Choosing: Fourth Graders Use of an Online Multimedia Tutoring System for Math Problem Solving. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 25(1), 51-64.
• J4. Razzaq, L., Parvarczki, J., Almeida, S.F., Vartak, M., Feng, M., Heffernan, N.T. and Koedinger, K. (2009). The ASSISTment builder: Supporting the Life-cycle of ITS Content Creation. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies Special Issue on Real-World Applications of Intelligent Tutoring Systems. 2(2) 157-166. pdf
• J3. Mendicino, M., Razzaq, L. & Heffernan, N. T. (2009) Comparison of Traditional Homework with Computer Supported Homework. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 41(3), 331-359. pdf
• J2. Heffernan, N. T., Koedinger, K. R. & Razzaq, L. (2008) Expanding the model-tracing architecture: A 3rd generation intelligent tutor for Algebra symbolization. The International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education. 18(2). pp. 153-178. IOS Press. pdf
• J1. Razzaq, L., Heffernan, N., Feng, M., Pardos Z. (2007). Developing Fine-Grained Transfer Models in the ASSISTment System. Journal of Technology, Instruction, Cognition, and Learning, 5(3), 289-304. pdf

Peer Reviewed Conference Papers

• C12. Brodley, C., Barry, M., Connell, A., Gill, C., Gorton, I., Hescott, B., Lackaye, B., LuBien, C., Razzaq, L., Shesh, A., Williams, T., Danyluk, A. (2020) An MS in CS for non-CS Majors: Moving to Increase Diversity of Thought and Demographics in CS. (p. 1248-1254). In The 51st ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE 2020). ACM, New York, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.1145/3328778.3366802
• C11. Razzaq, L., Maloy, R., Edwards, S., Marshall, D., Arroyo, I., Woolf, B. (2011) 4MALITY: Coaching Students with Different Problem Solving Strategies Using an Online Tutoring System. (p. 359-364). In J. A. Konstan, Ricardo Conejo, Jose L, Marzo & Nuria Oliver, User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization 19th International Conference, UMAP 2011, Girona, Spain, July 11-15 Proceedings. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
• C10. Razzaq, L. & Heffernan, N. (2010) Hints: Is It Better to Give or Wait to be Asked? In Aleven, V., Kay, J & Mostow, J. (Eds) Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS2010) Part 1. Springer. Pages 349-358.
• C9. Shrestha, P., Maharjan, A., Wei, X., Razzaq, L., Heffernan, N.T., Heffernan, C. (2009) Are Worked Examples an Effective Feedback Mechanism During Problem Solving? In N.A. Taatgen & H. van Rijn (Eds.), Proceedings of the 31th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society. pdf
• C8. Razzaq, L., Heffernan, N.T. (2009) To Tutor or Not to Tutor: That is the Question. In Dimitrova, Mizoguchi, du Boulay and Graesser (Eds.) Proceedings of the Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education. pp. 457-464. Honorable Mention for Best Student Paper pdf
• C7. Razzaq, L., Mendicino, M. & Heffernan, N. (2008) Comparing classroom problem-solving with no feedback to web-based homework assistance. In Woolf, Aimeur, Nkambou and Lajoie (Eds.) Proceeding of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems. pp. 426 - 437. Springer-Verlag: Berlin. pdf
• C6. Razzaq, L., Heffernan, N.T., Towards Designing a User-Adaptive Web-Based E-Learning System, In Mary Czerwinski, Arnold M. Lund, Desney S. Tan (Eds.): Extended Abstracts Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2008, (pp. 3525-3530). Florence, Italy: ACM 2008. pdf
• C5. Razzaq, L., Heffernan, N. T., Lindeman, R. W. (2007) What level of tutor interaction is best? In Luckin & Koedinger (Eds) Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education. IOS Press. pp. 222-229. pdf
• C4. Razzaq, L., Heffernan, N.T. (2006). Scaffolding vs. hints in the Assistment System. In Ikeda, Ashley & Chan (Eds.). Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Springer-Verlag: Berlin. pp. 635-644. 2006. pdf
• C3. K. Bush, J. Gray, M. Holmes, K. Kosinski, J. Orr, L. Razzaq, J. Rulfs (2006) How do you Teach Engineering in Kindergarten and First Grade? Proceedings of the 113th American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference, Chicago, IL, June 18-21, 2006. pdf
• C2. Razzaq, L., Feng, M., Nuzzo-Jones, G., Heffernan, N.T., Koedinger, K. R., Junker, B., Ritter, S., Knight, A., Aniszczyk, C., Choksey, S., Livak, T., Mercado, E., Turner, T.E., Upalekar. R, Walonoski, J.A., Macasek. M.A., Rasmussen, K.P. (2005). The Assistment Project: Blending Assessment and Assisting. In C.K. Looi, G. McCalla, B. Bredeweg, & J. Breuker (Eds.) Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, pp. 555-562. Amsterdam: IOS Press. pdf
• C1. Razzaq, L. & Heffernan, N. T (2004) Tutorial dialog in an equation solving intelligent tutoring system. In J.C. Lester, R.M. Vicari, & F. Parguacu (Eds.) Proceedings of 7th Annual Intelligent Tutoring Systems Conference, Maceio, Brazil. Pages 851-853. Best Poster Award pdf