\begin{thebibliography}{10}

\bibitem{Andersen:2012:OAE:2282338.2282398}
E.~Andersen.
\newblock Optimizing adaptivity in educational games.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the International Conference on the
  Foundations of Digital Games}, FDG '12, pages 279--281, New York, NY, USA,
  2012. ACM.

\bibitem{Andersen:2012:ITG:2207676.2207687}
E.~Andersen, E.~O'Rourke, Y.-E. Liu, R.~Snider, J.~Lowdermilk, D.~Truong,
  S.~Cooper, and Z.~Popovic.
\newblock The impact of tutorials on games of varying complexity.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in
  Computing Systems}, CHI '12, pages 59--68, New York, NY, USA, 2012. ACM.

\bibitem{attenberg2011beat-ipeirotis}
J.~Attenberg, P.~Ipeirotis, and F.~Provost.
\newblock Beat the machine: Challenging workers to find the unknown unknowns.
\newblock In {\em Workshops at the Twenty-Fifth AAAI Conference on Artificial
  Intelligence}, 2011.

\bibitem{Bernstein:2012:PGB:2160718.2160731}
A.~Bernstein, M.~Klein, and T.~W. Malone.
\newblock Programming the global brain.
\newblock {\em Commun. ACM}, 55(5):41--43, May 2012.

\bibitem{Cooper:2010:CDS:1822348.1822354}
S.~Cooper, A.~Treuille, J.~Barbero, A.~Leaver-Fay, K.~Tuite, F.~Khatib, A.~C.
  Snyder, M.~Beenen, D.~Salesin, D.~Baker, and Z.~Popovi\'{c}.
\newblock The challenge of designing scientific discovery games.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the
  Foundations of Digital Games}, FDG '10, pages 40--47, New York, NY, USA,
  2010. ACM.

\bibitem{Denning:2005:CSS:1053291.1053309}
P.~J. Denning.
\newblock Is computer science science?
\newblock {\em Commun. ACM}, 48(4):27--31, Apr. 2005.

\bibitem{El-Nasr:2004:ALD:1008213.1008238}
M.~S. El-Nasr and I.~Horswill.
\newblock Automating lighting design for interactive entertainment.
\newblock {\em Comput. Entertain.}, 2(2):15--15, Apr. 2004.

\bibitem{Franklin1994-FRATFS}
J.~Franklin.
\newblock The formal sciences discover the philosophers' stone.
\newblock {\em Studies in History and Philosophy of Science}, 25(4):513--533,
  1994.

\bibitem{sep-logic-games}
W.~Hodges.
\newblock Logic and games.
\newblock In E.~N. Zalta, editor, {\em The Stanford Encyclopedia of
  Philosophy}. Spring 2009 edition, 2009.

\bibitem{AIIDE125470}
A.~Jaffe, A.~Miller, E.~Andersen, Y.-E. Liu, A.~Karlin, and Z.~Popovic.
\newblock Evaluating competitive game balance with restricted play, 2012.

\bibitem{sep-logic-dialogical}
L.~Keiff.
\newblock Dialogical logic.
\newblock In E.~N. Zalta, editor, {\em The Stanford Encyclopedia of
  Philosophy}. Summer 2011 edition, 2011.

\bibitem{scghome}
K.~Lieberherr.
\newblock {The Scientific Community Game}.
\newblock Website, 2009.
\newblock
  \url{http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/lieber/evergreen/specker/scg-home.html}.

\bibitem{scg-def}
K.~J. Lieberherr and A.~Abdelmeged.
\newblock {The Scientific Community Game}.
\newblock In {\em {CCIS Technical Report NU-CCIS-2012-19}}, October 2012.
\newblock \url{
  http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/lieber/papers/SCG-definition/SCG-definition-NU-C%
CIS-2012.pdf }.

\bibitem{scg-bionetics}
K.~J. Lieberherr, A.~Abdelmeged, and B.~Chadwick.
\newblock {The Specker Challenge Game for Education and Innovation in
  Constructive Domains}.
\newblock In {\em {Keynote paper at Bionetics 2010, Cambridge, MA, and CCIS
  Technical Report NU-CCIS-2010-19}}, December 2010.
\newblock
  \url{http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/lieber/evergreen/specker/paper/bionetics-20%
10.pdf}\gap.

\bibitem{jacm-81}
K.~J. Lieberherr and E.~Specker.
\newblock {Complexity of Partial Satisfaction}.
\newblock {\em Journal of the ACM}, 28(2):411--421, 1981.

\bibitem{lieber-specker:partial-2}
K.~J. Lieberherr and E.~Specker.
\newblock {Complexity of Partial Satisfaction II}.
\newblock {\em Elemente der Mathematik}, 67(3):134--150, 2012.
\newblock
  \url{http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/lieber/p-optimal/partial-sat-II/Partial-SAT%
2.pdf}.

\bibitem{LogicalGames}
M.~Marion.
\newblock {Why Play Logical Games}.
\newblock Website, 2009.
\newblock \url{ http://www.philomath.uqam.ca/doc/LogicalGames.pdf }.

\bibitem{Petit:2012:JEP:2157136.2157267}
J.~Petit, O.~Gim{\'e}nez, and S.~Roura.
\newblock Jutge.org: an educational programming judge.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the 43rd ACM technical symposium on Computer
  Science Education}, SIGCSE '12, pages 445--450, New York, NY, USA, 2012. ACM.

\bibitem{nla.cat-vn1027910}
K.~R. Popper.
\newblock {\em Conjectures and refutations: the growth of scientific knowledge,
  by Karl R. Popper}.
\newblock Routledge, London, 1969.

\bibitem{ScacchiNSFReport}
W.~Scacchi.
\newblock {The Future of Research in Computer Games and Virtual Worlds:
  Workshop Report}.
\newblock Technical Report UCI-ISR-12-8, 2012.
\newblock \url{ http://www.isr.uci.edu/tech_reports/UCI-ISR-12-8.pdf }.

\bibitem{ScientificMethodProgramming}
R.~Sedgewick.
\newblock {The Role of the Scientific Method in Programming}.
\newblock Website, 2010.
\newblock \url{ http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~rs/talks/ScienceCS.pdf }.

\bibitem{Smith:2010:TML:1822348.1822376}
G.~Smith, J.~Whitehead, and M.~Mateas.
\newblock Tanagra: a mixed-initiative level design tool.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the
  Foundations of Digital Games}, FDG '10, pages 209--216, New York, NY, USA,
  2010. ACM.

\bibitem{sep-if}
T.~Tulenheimo.
\newblock Independence friendly logic.
\newblock In E.~N. Zalta, editor, {\em The Stanford Encyclopedia of
  Philosophy}. Summer 2011 edition, 2011.

\bibitem{Zollman2007-ZOLTCS}
K.~J.~S. Zollman.
\newblock The communication structure of epistemic communities.
\newblock {\em Philosophy of Science}, 74(5):574--587, 2007.

\end{thebibliography}